How to Archives - Engineers Garage https://www.engineersgarage.com/how_to/ Electronic Projects, Electrical Engineering Resources, Makers Articles and Product News Thu, 13 Jul 2023 01:54:53 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://www.engineersgarage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/cropped-eg-favicon-32x32.png How to Archives - Engineers Garage https://www.engineersgarage.com/how_to/ 32 32 How Video is Displayed on the Screen https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-video-is-displayed-on-the-screen/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-video-is-displayed-on-the-screen/#respond Sun, 25 Jul 2021 13:19:05 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/how-video-is-displayed-on-the-screen/ Video is basically data; rather we can term it more aptly as a signal. The signal can be transmitted as analog or digital signal/data; but the thing which remains in the background is that what makes this signal so special. Let us look at this that “how video is displayed on a screen”. First we…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-video-is-displayed-on-the-screen/feed/ 0 How to generate PWM-based dual sine waves https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-to-generate-pwm-based-dual-sine-waves/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-to-generate-pwm-based-dual-sine-waves/#respond Fri, 16 Jul 2021 12:57:32 +0000 https://www.engineersgarage.com/?p=64467 By Krupa Bhavsar, Applications Engineer, Dialog Semiconductor Sine waves are continuous waves, which describe a smooth periodic oscillation. These waves are generally used in signal processing and engineering fields In this article, dual sine waves with opposite polarity as shown in Figure 1 are generated without coarse PWM “steps”. For generating sine waves, one PWM…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-to-generate-pwm-based-dual-sine-waves/feed/ 0 Motherboard : Components of Motherboard https://www.engineersgarage.com/motherboard-components-of-motherboard/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/motherboard-components-of-motherboard/#respond Sun, 20 Jun 2021 12:45:23 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/motherboard-components-of-motherboard/ Everyone who owns or wants to own a PC needs to know about motherboard. We all are always interested in Processor, memory-RAM, storage- Hard Disk. But we all tend to forget the most important component which ties all the above - Motherboard.Motherboard is glue which binds all the components of a Computer. Every component directly or indirectly attached/installed/connected to a system has a connection to motherboard, because it is the base on which system & its components/peripheral devices stand and perform. Technically speaking motherboard is a PCB- Printed Circuit Board that provides an interconnection to almost every component present in a PC. It is also known as system/main board. There are various roles that a motherboard plays. The important ones are: It acts as glue which binds all the components together. It’s main job is to coordinate with the various operations performed by the various components; it serves as a interface for all the modular singular components of a system like Central processing Unit – CPU, Random Access Memory – RAM, Storage device – Hard Disk ( Magnetic or Solid State); to provide slots and expansion cards to enhance the functionality of a system. There is development of new devices with new interfaces every day. Motherboard need to provide the slots to include the functionality; to deliver the power to the various components and devices as per their requirements. 

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/motherboard-components-of-motherboard/feed/ 0 How Torrent works https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-torrent-works/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-torrent-works/#respond Sun, 20 Jun 2021 10:51:54 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/how-torrent-works/ Today Torrent are the most common word used across whenever there is a talk about downloading a movie, TV program series or any big file like software etc. [[wysiwyg_imageupload:8324:]]A torrent file is nothing but a file that consists of the address and information about file of interest. So, what is torrent, how torrent became famous, how they increase the speed of downloading without affecting the bandwidth and how it is different from the traditional downloading?Now, it’s time to see how the software is fetching the data. The torrent file works on the method of peer to peer sharing downloading method i.e. file is downloaded in different pieces according to their availability. There are different terms that are being used by the torrent and you will come across such as seed, leeching, nodes, peers, swarm etc. To understand this downloading scheme, let’s go through the steps.  

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-torrent-works/feed/ 0 Analyzing different proximity sensor technologies https://www.engineersgarage.com/analyzing-different-proximity-sensor-technologies/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/analyzing-different-proximity-sensor-technologies/#respond Thu, 25 Mar 2021 14:44:37 +0000 https://www.engineersgarage.com/?p=63468 Utilized as a no-touch method to provide either precise distance measurement to an object or simple “there/not there” logic, proximity sensors span a wide range of technologies, each offering their own set of operating principles, advantages, and drawbacks. Some of the most commonly found technologies in portable or small embedded systems include ultrasonic, photoelectric, laser…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/analyzing-different-proximity-sensor-technologies/feed/ 0 DC motor speed control using the Bluetooth-based Android app https://www.engineersgarage.com/dc-motor-speed-control-using-the-bluetooth-based-android-app/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/dc-motor-speed-control-using-the-bluetooth-based-android-app/#respond Tue, 15 Dec 2020 22:36:33 +0000 https://www.engineersgarage.com/?p=62540 This project is somewhat different than the previous ones we’ve covered on DC motor control. So far, the articles have included insight on controlling a DC motor speed by using: Arduino An 8051 microcontroller An AVR / PIC / ARM microcontroller A remote SMS Bluetooth This time, we’ll be covering DC motor speed control via…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/dc-motor-speed-control-using-the-bluetooth-based-android-app/feed/ 0 DC power connector selection criteria https://www.engineersgarage.com/dc-power-connector-selection-criteria/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/dc-power-connector-selection-criteria/#respond Fri, 12 Jun 2020 17:17:04 +0000 https://www.engineersgarage.com/?p=61369 As an often overlooked or underappreciated aspect of a final design, dc power connectors, also known as barrel connectors, provide a key connection point for powering many applications. Although a relatively simple component in the design process, it is still important to have a basic understanding of a dc power connector’s specifications and nomenclature. Specifications…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/dc-power-connector-selection-criteria/feed/ 0 How Internet Works on Mobile Devices https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-internet-works-on-mobile-devices/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-internet-works-on-mobile-devices/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:39 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/how-internet-works-on-mobile-devices/ In today’s age of connectivity, smartphones and tablets are becoming more of a necessity rather than a luxury. Whether it is not to miss important mails, being updated with the news or finding directions when lost – connecting to the Internet anytime and anywhere is becoming an integral part of our lives. It’s now possible to get internet access in any location as long as your phone gets a good signal from the cellular network.You can also use public Wi-Fi hotspots to connect to the Internet through a shared connection. So how exactly does the Internet, which was made for computers, work on your mobile phone?First, let’s see what Mobile Internet is. In simple terms, Mobile Internet is a smaller Internet scaled down to fit the dimensions of a web browser on a mobile phone. The mobile phone network is an example of a cellular network. 

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-internet-works-on-mobile-devices/feed/ 0 How to Hack a Wired Mouse https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-to-hack-a-wired-mouse/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-to-hack-a-wired-mouse/#respond Fri, 21 Jun 2013 11:04:56 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/how-to-hack-a-wired-mouse/ As we see the above procedure for developing as wired mouse for a purpose. The positive and the negative terminals are the output terminals. Then we see at the other end of the mouse orange and white are to be joined as we have no use of those, then we see to connect green and blue wire for negative and positive of the battery. Then here is the concept “when we apply the infrared radiation from the TV remote to the bottom of mouse (i.e. at bottom of the chip)  the output terminals go high about 1.5-2 volts for 1.5 seconds then clearly we find it as a trigger (oneshot)” then we can use this for the various purposes. For the counter, i.e. the remote IR LED is fixed in the axis of IC chip then o/p is connected in the place of the clock for serial reload counter. 

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-to-hack-a-wired-mouse/feed/ 0 Difference Between Optical Mouse and Laser Mouse https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-optical-mouse-and-laser-mouse/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-optical-mouse-and-laser-mouse/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:38 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/difference-between-optical-mouse-and-laser-mouse/   Mouse is one of the most important peripheral for computers, especially for those which are not touch screen based. Fascinating is the concept that how various types of computer mice are available depending on the need, shape, pointing technology etc. There was a time when only ball mouse was prevalent. A proper surface was…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-optical-mouse-and-laser-mouse/feed/ 0 What is the difference between a UPS and an inverter? https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-ups-and-inverter/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-ups-and-inverter/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:38 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/difference-between-ups-and-inverter/ Electricity is a must for electronic devices to power up and run smoothly. However, even minor fluctuations from a power source can be hazardous to the devices and appliances that rely on it. Although many of us take electricity for granted, to conserve power in certain cities, supplies are cut short for set intervals —…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-ups-and-inverter/feed/ 0 Zigbee v/s Wi-Fi https://www.engineersgarage.com/zigbee-v-s-wi-fi/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/zigbee-v-s-wi-fi/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:38 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/zigbee-v-s-wi-fi/ Zigbee has often been regarded as a mini version of Wi-Fi. Keeping some features like range, power consumption apart, zigbee and wi-fi are often used in similar applications in terms of household based wireless communication. These short range wireless technologies even share common ISM band of 2.4GHz, use same spread spectrum technique. Interestingly, both of…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/zigbee-v-s-wi-fi/feed/ 0 RFID vs Barcodes https://www.engineersgarage.com/rfid-vs-barcodes/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/rfid-vs-barcodes/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:41 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/rfid-vs-barcodes/ As far back as 1960s, the barcodes were used in industrial work environments. In the early 1970s, common barcodes started appearing on grocery shelves. To automate the process of identifying grocery items, UPC barcodes were placed on products and were used to mechanize the process of checking out in store. They are in use today…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/rfid-vs-barcodes/feed/ 0 Difference between 2G and 3G Technology https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-2g-and-3g-technology/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-2g-and-3g-technology/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:35 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/difference-between-2g-and-3g-technology/ Second Generation (2G) technology was launched in the year 1991 in Finland. It is based on the technology known as global system for mobile communication or in short we can say GSM. This technology enabled various networks to provide services like text messages, picture messages and MMS. In this technology all text messages are digitally…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-2g-and-3g-technology/feed/ 0 How SMS are sent from internet/ websites to mobile phones https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-sms-are-sent-from-internet-websites-to-mobile-phones/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-sms-are-sent-from-internet-websites-to-mobile-phones/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:35 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/how-sms-are-sent-from-internet-websites-to-mobile-phones/ Since the invention of the Internet, a new era of convergence of technologies has ushered, bringing close distant technologies which could not have been thought to be related at all. Sure, we can send a mail from our GPRS activated cellular device, but is the reverse true? Can we send a text message from the Internet? The answer is yes and we all have used free online SMS sending websites either on a regular basis or just for testing if it works or is merely faking. The best and the most attractive part is the word ‘free’ and sometimes, ‘unlimited’ too. But have you ever wondered how this is made possible? We're going to cruise along the path an online SMS would follow in the whole process in the next few pages. 

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-sms-are-sent-from-internet-websites-to-mobile-phones/feed/ 0 Difference between compiler and interpreter https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-compiler-and-interpreter/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-compiler-and-interpreter/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:35 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/difference-between-compiler-and-interpreter/ A Compiler and Interpreter both carry out the same purpose – convert a high level language (like C, Java) instructions into the binary form which is understandable by computer hardware. They comprise the software used to execute the high-level programs and codes to perform various tasks. Specific compilers/interpreters are designed for different high-level languages. However,…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-compiler-and-interpreter/feed/ 0 Difference Between GSM and CDMA https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-gsm-and-cdma/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-gsm-and-cdma/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:36 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/difference-between-gsm-and-cdma/ GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) are two dominant technologies for mobile communication. These two technologies differ in the way calls and data travel over the mobile phone networks take place. On comparing both the technologies GSM has some limitation when the call quality is concerned but still has…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-gsm-and-cdma/feed/ 0 How Clock in Computer works https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-clock-in-computer-works/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-clock-in-computer-works/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:33 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/how-clock-in-computer-works/   Even after rebooting your computer you get exact date and time. Have you ever given it a thought that how is it possible? The answer is pretty simple; there must be an independent power source running a clock which runs even when system main power is off. Let us explore it.   RTC- Real…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-clock-in-computer-works/feed/ 0 How Video Players work https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-video-players-work/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-video-players-work/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:33 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/how-video-players-work/ Clicking on Michael Jackson video or Mission Impossible movie leads to… Video display, but what is so special about these files? What is the data present in these files and how a player plays these files? The answer is Codec. A codec is a software (at times also considered as hardware unit as set-top box attached with video…

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]]> https://www.engineersgarage.com/how-video-players-work/feed/ 0 Difference Between LCD and LED Display https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-lcd-and-led-display/ https://www.engineersgarage.com/difference-between-lcd-and-led-display/#respond Thu, 04 Jul 2019 23:35:36 +0000 http://engineersgarag-main/difference-between-lcd-and-led-display/ LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and LED (Light Emitting Diode) Displays are two major display technologies being widely used today. LED Displays are technological advancement of LCD displays. LED displays are the LCD displays with an LED backlight to power up the LCD panel. It means that LEDs are placed behind or around the LCD panel…

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